Implementing DOE to study the effect of paint application parameters, film build, and dehydration temperature on solvent pop

This research investigated popping when automotive clearcoat was applied over waterborne basecoats using design of experiments (DOE). The study was conducted using melamine crosslinked acrylic latex basecoat and acrylic acid/epoxy clearcoat. The focus of the project was directed toward the paint application and dehydration stages. The study was conducted in four phases. In Phase 1, three paint application parameters, flow rate (FR), atomizing air (AA), and distance of the applicator tip from the substrate (D), were investigated. In Phase 2, FR and target distance were investigated in relation to popping while keeping other parameters as well as film build constant. In Phase 3, the effect of film build on popping was investigated by selecting three levels of film build. Phase 4 was focused on the possible effect of dehydration oven temperature on popping. Results indicated that FR does not affect popping directly. However, it significantly affects the film build. Both film build and dehydration oven temperature were found significant in relation to popping occurrences. This work suggests that dehydration oven temperature and film build affect solvent popping. Although this study identified the significant factors causing waterborne basecoat popping, conditions for a pop-free paint surface were not established.     

Racial differences in sensitivity to behavioral integrity: Attitudinal consequences, in-group effects, and "trickle down" among Black and non-Black employees.

Recent research has suggested that employees are highly affected by perceptions of their managers' pattern of word-action consistency, which T. Simons (2002) called behavioral integrity (BI). The authors of the present study suggest that some employee racial groups may be more attentive to BI than others. They tested this notion using data from 1,944 employees working at 107 different hotels and found that Black employees rated their managers as demonstrating lower BI than did non-Black employees. Mediation analyses were consistent with the notion that these differences in perceived BI in turn account for cross-race differences in trust in management, interpersonal justice, commitment, satisfaction, and intent to stay. Results of hierarchical linear modeling were consistent with the idea that middle managers' perceptions of their senior managers' BI "trickle down" to affect line employee perceptions of the middle managers and that this trickle-down effect is stronger for Black employees. The authors interpret these results as indicative of heightened sensitivity to managers' BI on the part of Black employees. They also found a reverse in-group effect, in that Black employees were substantially more critical of Black managers than were non-Black employees. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Meta-analyses and systematic reviews of psychological treatments for chronic pain: Relevance to an evidence-based practice.

As evidence-based practitioners become more reliant on systematic reviews to inform treatment, it becomes important to systematize reporting details as well as improve the quality of the primary studies that will later be incorporated into this secondary literature. In this article, the authors consider several specific factors that can serve this function in the area of chronic pain: (a) adhering to a standardized set of reporting standards; (b) measuring a standardized set of short- and long-term outcome variables; (c) providing information about individual differences; and (d) providing detailed, easily accessible documentation of the treatment program (or progams). The article also highlights ways that practitioners and researchers can collaborate on treatment outcome research, thereby improving the ability to discover and disseminate effective treatments for patients who suffer from chronic pain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Schooled mathematics and cultural knowledge

In this article it is argued that due recognition of the cultural nature of schooled mathematics requires an analysis that locates these practices in their social-political context. That analysis will need to provide an account of the social valorisation of mathematical practices and its impact on learning. It is suggested that the link between this dimension of the social plane, and the personal development of the learner could be conceptualised in terms of links between social representations of mathematical practices and the development of social identities. Drawing selectively on findings from the authors' studies with schoolchildren in multiethnic primary schools in England to illustrate their approach they propose how the processes of (i) 'identifying the other', (ii) 'being identified' and (iii) 'self identification' each play a complementary role in the formation of schooled mathematical identities.     

Peace in the woods: sustainability and the democratization of land use planning and resource management on Crown lands in British Columbia

During the 1990s, the provincial government of British Columbia made the introduction of participatory processes into the land use planning and resource management of its Crown lands the central element of its attempt to defuse conflictual relationships over choices affecting the sustainability of the province's development strategies. The processes used to this end are examined, and evidence of the resulting outcomes is evaluated. As well as the planning gains associated with the switch from techno‐corporatist to consensual decision‐making for the province's publicly owned resource base, studies indicate that there will be substantial ecological benefits from zoning an additional 30% of Crown lands for enhanced protection, at little economic cost to rural industries. The new rural planning regime also offers a consensual management system capable of assimilating the tribal holdings created by the settlement of First Nation claims on Crown lands. Overall, the evidence indicates that substantial benefits have emerged from the application of procedural environmental justice to formerly highly technocratic management processes, not least of which is delivery of “peace in the woods”.     

Why managers should care about fairness: The effects of aggregate justice perceptions on organizational outcomes.

This work examines the aggregation of justice perceptions to the departmental level and the business-unit level, the impact of these aggregate perceptions on business-unit-level outcomes, and the usefulness of the distinction between procedural and interpersonal justice at different levels of analysis. Latent variables analyses of individual-level and department-level data from 4,539 employees in 783 departments at 97 hotel properties showed that the 2 justice types exercise unique paths of impact on employees' organizational commitment and thus on turnover intentions and discretionary service behavior. Business-unit-level analyses further demonstrate paths of association between aggregate justice perceptions, aggregate commitment levels, and the business-unit-level outcomes of employee turnover rates and customer satisfaction ratings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)